| | 1. Aging-related alternative splicing drive neoantigen emergence revealed by transcriptome analysis of 1,255 human blood samples03:00[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | This study aimed to identify age-related genes and alternative splicing (AS) events by comprehensive transcriptome analysis of 1,255 healthy blood samples from individuals aged 8–87 years. We identified 1,029 up-regulated and 1,186 down-regulated genes in older individuals, including 17 genes overlapped with known aging-associated genes, such as TFAP2A and Klotho. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed significant alterations in immunoregulatory and metabolic pathways during aging. However, many senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASP) involved genes did not exhibit changes in gene expression, suggesting that AS events may reveal additional age-related mechanisms. Aging also altered 6,320 AS events in 4,566 genes, impacting immune-related protein domains. The RNA-binding protein RBMS3 emerged as a key regulator of aging-specific AS events. In addition, neoantigen prediction analyses further identified potential neoantigens generated by aging-related AS events, with the HLA-C14:02 allele presenting the most neoantigenic peptides. Notably, 60 neoantigenic peptides were confirmed using proteomic data from elderly individuals, suggesting their potential as novel targets for anti-aging immunotherapy. Our study provides new insights into the role of alternative splicing in aging, highlights promising avenues for anti-aging immunotherapy. | ↑ |
2. Perspective on the ethics of AI at the intersection of nutrition and behaviour change03:00[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool, that has the potential to impact society on multiple levels. Increased adoption as well as employment of AI in new product development and business processes have led to heightened interest and optimism on one hand, whilst increasing fears of potential negative societal consequences on the other. The ethics of AI has subsequently become a topical issue for academics, industry players, health practitioners and regulators, who have a goal and responsibility to protect the public and limit widening inequality. Despite the publication of numerous AI ethical frameworks, guidelines and regulations, none have specifically focused on nutrition and behaviour change. Advances in technology, including AI and machine learning, have opened up novel ways to deliver personalization to guide individuals towards healthier behaviours or to manage their conditions. This perspective synthesizes the key topics that intersect in nutrition and behaviour change where AI is leveraged to provide personalized advice. We propose a 7-pillar framework to guide the development of ethical and transparent AI solutions to build consumer and practitioner trust. | ↑ |
3. Menopause-related changes to maxillary trabecular bone micro-architectureЧт, 08 мая[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | The number of midlife women seeking orthodontic treatment has significantly increased over the past 40 years. With this rise, orthodontists need to consider the potential impact of menopause on treatment planning. There have been no recent published studies on maxillary trabecular bone changes in humans related to menopause. This study aimed to explore the subject further. This cross-sectional cohort study was composed of qualifying participants with diagnostic maxillary CBCT images who were separated by self report into pre- (N= 21) and postmenopausal (N= 19) groups. The regions of interest were the trabecular bone of the incisive foramen and maxillary tuberosity. All scans were converted into binary images in order to draw all parametric and ratio raw data. The parameters of interest included trabecular bone volume fraction (BVF), trabecular thickness, trabecular number, and trabecular separation. In the incisive foramen subgroup, postmenopausal women showed a significant increase in trabecular separation (0.60 ± 0.25 to 0.84 ± 0.31 mm, P < 0.06). For the maxillary tuberosity subgroup, significant decreases in BV/TV (32.58 ± 15.85 to 17.63 ± 14.38 %, P | ↑ |
4. Promising benefits of six-month Phaeodactylum tricornutum microalgae supplementation on cognitive function and inflammation in healthy older adults with age-associated memory impairmentСр, 30 апр[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | IntroductionAging is often associated with cognitive decline and memory impairment, with several factors including inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers implicated in this natural process. Microalgae extracts are a natural source of many bioactive compounds that reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, and represent an innovative dietary approach to ameliorate age-related cognitive decline and memory impairment. This proof-of-concept CONSORT-compliant, double-blind, randomized controlled study was conducted to evaluate the effect of daily supplementation of microalgae extract on cognitive function, mood, stress and inflammation of healthy older adults with mild cognitive impairment over a 24-week period.MethodsSixty-six volunteers with age-associated memory impairment (AAMI; age 55–75 years) were randomly assigned to ingest a placebo (PL, maltodextrin) or 550 mg of Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Pt) extract (4.4 mg of fucoxanthin, PUFAs and saturated fatty acids). Participants performed the COMPASS cognitive test battery to measure spatial, working, and episodic memory, attention, vigilance, and executive function. Sleep quality, mood, stress states and inflammation markers were also evaluated. All endpoints were collected at baseline, weeks 12 and 24.ResultsThere were no between-group differences for the primary outcome (Corsi Block Span Score) or other cognitive function parameters, at either 12 week or 24 weeks. However, within groups, 24 weeks of daily intake of microalgae extract derived from Phaeodactylum tricornutum attenuated age-induced readouts in Stroop task overall reaction time (p= 0.005; Cohen’s d= 0.8) and Word recall delayed score (p= 0.010; Cohen’s d= 0.5) as compared to baseline week 0, while no significance was reported for these readouts in the placebo group. Similar findings were reported for participants’ perceived stress (p= -0.04; Cohen’s d= 0.4). There was a significant decrease in blood hs-CRP from 3.9mg/L to 2.1mg/L following 24-weeks of Pt extract supplementation as compared to placebo (p= 0.002; Cohen’s d= 0.8), while there was no adverse impact on safety clinical blood tests or reported side effects, with the product deemed safe and tolerable.DiscussionThe findings suggest promising benefits of daily intake of microalgae extract on cognitive function and immune markers in older subjects with AAMI. Future research into the preventive role of Pt extract in age-assocaited cognitive decline is warranted.Clinical Trial RegistrationIdentifier #NCT04832412. | ↑ |
5. Exploring the exercise for enhancing postural control, gait, and muscle strength in older adults with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysisВт, 29 апр[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of exercise on postural control, gait, and muscle strength in older adults with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).Research DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsAn extensive literature search was performed in PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science and Cochrane Library from database inception to 30 September 2023. The inclusion criteria were exercise intervention on postural control, gait characteristics, and muscle strength in older adults with DPN. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the quality of studies by Cochrane Risk of Bias.ResultsThe literature search elicited a total of 523 references, 23 articles were included in this systematic review and meta-analyses. Exercise could effectively decrease the Centre of Pressure (COP) path (SMD= –0.38, 95%CI= –0.77 ~ 0.01), increase gait speed (MD= 0.08, 95%CI= 0.05 ~ 0.11), but did not change stride length (MD= 0.04, 95%CI= –0.01 ~ 0.09), and enhance muscle strength (SMD= 0.76, 95%CI= 0.19 ~ 1.33).ConclusionExercise improves postural control, gait speed, and muscle strength in older adults with DPN, reducing fall risk and enhancing lower limb strength, though evidence on stride length improvement is limited.Systematic Review Registrationidentifier CRD42023436799. | ↑ |
6. Tissue-specific effects of bacterial PncA overexpression on NAD+ metabolism and aging in mice: implications for tissue-specific aging interventionsПн, 28 апр[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | BackgroundAs a critical molecule in biological systems, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) influences the aging of mammals. Therefore, regulation of NAD+ synthesis and degradation may slow aging and mitigate related diseases.ResultsThis study investigated how mammalian tissues rely on different NAD+ synthesis pathways and prefer specific NAD+ precursors. Overexpressing the bacterial nicotinamidase PncA in mice increased NAD+ levels in the liver and kidneys but decreased levels in the heart and hippocampus. In aged mice (25 months old), this overexpression delayed aging indicators by boosting NAD+ levels in the liver and kidneys, indicating potential for PncA to improve age-related decline in these tissues. However, in younger mice (4 months old), PncA overexpression accelerates the senescence of cardiac cells, resulting in a reduction of NAD + levels, increased aging markers, and cognitive decline. These disparate results underscore the necessity of a nuanced, tissue-specific perspective when contemplating the use of NAD+ precursor supplementation as a means of addressing aging.ConclusionOur study highlights the complexity of NAD+ metabolism and its effects on aging in various tissues. It suggests personalized interventions for aging and age-related diseases by showing how different tissues respond to NAD+ precursor manipulation, emphasizing the importance of targeted strategies for optimal therapeutic results with minimal side effects. | ↑ |
7. The impact of age and frailty on hospitalization and survival in older liver transplant recipients: a longitudinal cohort studyПн, 28 апр[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | PurposeFrailty is a well-established risk factor for adverse outcomes, particularly in liver transplant candidates. This study investigates the impact of age and frailty on key clinical outcomes—hospitalizations, waitlist survival, and post-transplant mortality—in cirrhotic patients evaluated for liver transplantation.MethodsThis study included older adults with chronic liver disease under consideration for transplantation. Data collected encompassed medical history, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) and Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) scores, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), and frailty status, assessed using both the Liver Frailty Index (LFI) and the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe Frailty Index (SHARE-FI). Clinical outcomes, including mortality and hospitalizations, were tracked over a 24-month period.ResultsAmong 100 patients (67% male), those under 70 exhibited higher MNA, MMSE, and SHARE-FI scores. Based on frailty classification, 25 patients were frail, 28 pre-frail, and 47 robust. Younger patients experienced more hospitalizations during follow-up (p= 0.03) and had a higher probability of hospitalization within 24 months (p= 0.002). Although transplant-free survival did not differ significantly across groups, frail patients had a significantly higher mortality rate (p= 0.04). Overall, 24 patients underwent transplantation, while 26 died, including six post-transplant deaths. MELD and CTP scores were strong predictors of mortality, while among frailty measures, only SHARE-FI demonstrated significant predictive value. In multivariate Cox models, MELD [HR= 1.17, p= 0.001; HR= 1.11, p= 0.002], CTP [HR= 1.43, p= 0.003; HR= 1.41, p= 0.006], and LFI (HR= 1.69, p= 0.04) were significantly associated with mortality.ConclusionFrailty, rather than age, emerges as a key predictor of mortality in liver transplant candidates. Further research is needed to validate these findings and enhance frailty assessment, ultimately improving candidate selection for transplantation. | ↑ |
8. Validity and reliability of Gripwise digital dynamometer in the assessment of handgrip strength in older adultsПт, 25 апр[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | IntroductionWith the advancement of studies on the importance of sarcopenia in the aging process, new technologies have been developed to assess muscle mass and function. However, most research on portable devices has not considered a wide range of ages and clinical conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of the Gripwise digital dynamometer in measuring handgrip strength in older Brazilian adults, comparing its performance with the widely used Saehan device.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 149 participants (32 men and 117 women), with an average age of 69.5 years. Handgrip strength was measured using both the Gripwise and Saehan dynamometers. Reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Analyses considered three handgrip strength measurements from both devices, as well as the highest value obtained. The classification of dynapenia (low muscle strength) was compared using different cutoff points proposed by Villain et al. (2023), Spexoto et al. (2022), and Cruz-Jentoft et al. (2019).ResultsBoth dynamometers demonstrated excellent reliability, with ICC values above 0.90. However, significant differences in mean handgrip strength values were observed between the devices (approximately 3.5–four kgf). These variations impacted the classification of dynapenia, with the Gripwise identifying more cases of low muscle strength compared to Saehan.ConclusionThe lower values reported by the Gripwise may impact clinical decision-making in two ways. On one hand, lower values may lead to earlier detection of muscle weakness, allowing for quicker intervention in individuals with strength below typical thresholds. However, this could also result in an overestimation of the prevalence of dynapenia if the values do not accurately reflect true muscle strength, which could lead to unnecessary interventions. Therefore, it is crucial to consider the need for adjustments in the cutoff points when using Gripwise. These findings highlight the need to revise cutoff points for dynapenia classification, considering device variations and model differences in older age groups. | ↑ |
9. A comparative analysis of binary and multi-class classification machine learning algorithms to detect current frailty status using the English longitudinal study of ageing (ELSA)Вт, 22 апр[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | BackgroundPhysical frailty is a pressing public health issue that significantly increases the risk of disability, hospitalization, and mortality. Early and accurate detection of frailty is essential for timely intervention, reducing its widespread impact on healthcare systems, social support networks, and economic stability.ObjectiveThis study aimed to classify frailty status into binary (frail vs. non-frail) and multi-class (frail vs. pre-frail vs. non-frail) categories. The goal was to detect and classify frailty status at a specific point in time. Model development and internal validation were conducted using data from wave 8 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), with external validation using wave 6 data to assess model generalizability.MethodsNine classification algorithms, including Logistic Regression, Random Forest, K-nearest Neighbor, Gradient Boosting, AdaBoost, XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, and Multi-Layer Perceptron, were evaluated and their performance compared.ResultsCatBoost demonstrated the best overall performance in binary classification, achieving high recall (0.951), balanced accuracy (0.928), and the lowest Brier score (0.049) on the internal validation set, and maintaining strong performance externally with a recall of 0.950, balanced accuracy of 0.913, and F1-score of 0.951. Multi-class classification was more challenging, with Gradient Boosting emerging as the top model, achieving the highest recall (0.666) and precision (0.663) on the external validation set, with a strong F1-score (0.664) and reasonable calibration (Brier Score= 0.223).ConclusionMachine learning algorithms show promise for the detection of current frailty status, particularly in binary classification. However, distinguishing between frailty subcategories remains challenging, highlighting the need for improved models and feature selection strategies to enhance multi-class classification accuracy. | ↑ |
10. Multivariate analysis of immunosenescence data in healthy humans and diverse diseasesСр, 16 апр[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | IntroductionImmunosenescence is a dynamic process, where both genetic and environmental factors account for the substantial inter-individual variability. This paper integrates all the data on immunosenescence markers generated in our laboratory and describes the differences and/or similarities between individuals based on their biological conditions (immunosenescence markers) and their associations with chronological age and health status.Materials and MethodsThe dataset consisted of immunological data from healthy donors, centenarians, patients diagnosed with chronic kidney disease, COVID-19 and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), treatment-naive or treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. To determine whether there are groups of immunologically different individuals despite their age or clinical condition, cluster analysis was performed. Canonical discriminant analysis was performed to determine which variables characterize each cluster.ResultsThere are differences in the expression of immunosenescence markers between healthy subjects and patients diagnosed with different pathological conditions, regardless of their age. Meanwhile, the distribution of the clusters indicates the presence of two separate groups of healthy participants, one of them characterized by a high frequency of naive lymphocytes, and the other with high expression of terminally differentiated lymphocyte subsets. Advanced NSCLC treatment-naive patients were in the same cluster as a group of healthy subjects. Additionally, centenarians belong to a different cluster than healthy subjects, suggesting they might have a unique immune signature.ConclusionThe distribution of clusters appears to be more appropriate than univariate associations of single markers for health and disease research. The present work reveals which immune markers are relevant in different physiological and pathological contexts and indicates the need for deeper studies on the biological age of the immune system. | ↑ |
11. Analysis of the senescence secretome during zebrafish retina regenerationСр, 16 апр[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | IntroductionZebrafish possess the innate ability to regenerate any lost or damaged retinal cell type with Muller glia serving as resident stem cells. Recently, we discovered that this process is aided by a population of damage-induced senescent immune cells. As part of the Senescence Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), senescent cells secrete numerous factors that can play a role in the modulation of inflammation and remodeling of the retinal microenvironment during regeneration. However, the identity of specific SASP factors that drive initiation and progression of retina regeneration remains unclear.Materials and MethodsWe mined the SASP Atlas and publicly available RNAseq datasets to identify common, differentially expressed SASP factors after retina injury. These datasets included two distinct acute damage regimens, as well as two chronic, genetic models of retina degeneration. We identified overlapping factors between these models and used genetic knockdown experiments, qRT/PCR and immunohistochemical staining to test a role for one of these factors (npm1a).ResultsWe discovered an overlapping set of 31 SASP-related regeneration factors across all data sets and damage paradigms. These factors are upregulated after damage with functions that span the innate immune system, autophagic processing, cell cycle regulation, and cellular stress responses. From among these, we show that depletion of Nucleophosmin 1 (npm1a) inhibits retina regeneration and decreases senescent cell detection after damage.DiscussionOur data suggest that differential expression of SASP factors promotes initiation and progression of retina regeneration after both acute and chronic retinal damage. The existence of a common, overlapping set of 31 factors provides a group of novel therapeutic targets for retina regeneration studies. | ↑ |
12. A scoping review of the feasibility, usability, and efficacy of digital interventions in older adults concerning physical activity and/or exerciseПт, 11 апр[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | Background:The global population is aging, leading to significant health challenges among older adults, such as reduced muscle mass, increased risks of dementias, and chronic diseases. Physical activity (PA) is crucial for maintaining health and wellbeing in this demographic, yet participation tends to decrease with age due to various barriers. Digital technologies, including mobile health (mHealth) interventions, show promise in promoting PA among older adults, though their adoption remains limited due to intrinsic and extrinsic challenges.ObjectivesThis scoping review aimed to systematically map existing evidence on digital PA interventions for older adults, assessing feasibility, usability, and efficacy, whilst providing recommendations for future research and practice.Eligibility criteriaOriginal investigations concerning digital interventions in older adults (>=60 years of age) focusing on physical activity and/or exercise were considered. Sources of evidence: Four electronic databases [MEDLINE, CINAHL Ultimate, Scopus and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL)] were searched.MethodsA scoping review was conducted using the scoping review methodological framework. Review selection and characterisation were carried out by two independent reviewers.ResultsThe 34 included studies were published between 2005 and 2023 across Europe, North America, Asia, and Oceania. Participants varied from healthy to frail individuals, with some diagnosed with dementia or cognitive impairment. Interventions were most commonly delivered via exergames, tablet apps, and videoconferencing. The most common exercise program type was multicomponent. Most studies assessed efficacy, feasibility, and usability, with many using a combination of these measures. Reminders were commonly utilised to enhance engagement through various digital and non-digital methods.ConclusionThere was a notable lack of mobile health (mHealth) studies in the literature, with most research focusing on exergame and tablet interventions. More research on smartphone apps, particularly for muscle strengthening, is needed, and the growing ease of app development may drive innovation and research. Digital interventions are generally feasible, usable, and effective for older adults, offering a promising, scalable approach for promoting PA. This review identified several valuable lessons from the existent literature for future developments. | ↑ |
13. Global research trends in inflammaging from 2005 to 2024: a bibliometric analysisЧт, 10 апр[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | BackgroundInflammaging, defined as chronic low-grade inflammation associated with aging, is considered a key factor in many age-related diseases. Despite growing research, comprehensive assessments of trends and focuses on this field over the past 2 decades remain lacking.ObjectiveTo comprehensively analyze literature development trends, scientific priorities, and their evolution in the field of inflammaging from 2005 to 2024 using bibliometric analysis.MethodsAcademic literature on inflammaging was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace software was used as the bibliometric tool to analyze annual publication trends, contributing countries/regions, leading research institutions, primary journals, and keyword co-occurrence, including clustering and burst analysis in this field.ResultsThe study included 1,800 eligible articles, demonstrating a consistent growth in research publications over the past 20 years. The United States and Italy were the principal contributors. The University of Bologna had the highest publication. Professor Claudio Franceschi has been a leading figure in this field. Journal analysis shows that research themes predominantly focus on molecular biology/immunology and medicine/clinical fields. Keyword analysis identifies major research hotspots as “inflammaging,” “Crohn’s disease,” “periodontitis,” “immunosenescence,” “skeletal muscle,” “gut microbiota,” and “Parkinson’s disease.” Emerging term analysis indicates a shift from specific inflammatory diseases to broader aging and immune modulation studies.ConclusionThis first systematic assessment of literature trends in the field of inflammaging from 2005 to 2024 reveals sustained academic growth and an increasingly deep research focus. | ↑ |
14. Growth hormone and aging: a clinical reviewПн, 07 апр[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | Aging is a complex biological process characterized by functional decline, reduced quality of life, and increased vulnerability to diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular conditions, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Advances in medical technology have introduced the concept of aging therapies, with growth hormone (GH) and its primary mediator, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), receiving considerable attention for their potential to counteract age-related physiological and metabolic changes. GH plays a multifaceted role in the human body, primarily influencing body composition by increasing muscle mass, reducing fat tissue, promoting bone formation, and regulating the metabolism of proteins, lipids, and glucose. Additional effects have been noted on endothelial function, cognitive performance, and circadian rhythms. This review examines the molecular mechanisms of GH in aging, its potential as an anti-aging therapy, and findings from clinical trials involving these hormones for this purpose. It also addresses the associated adverse effects, limitations, and controversies. While some studies report significant benefits, these therapies’ long-term safety and efficacy in promoting healthy aging remain uncertain, highlighting the need for further research. | ↑ |
15. Age-defying swallowingПн, 07 апр[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | Swallowing disorders, which are generally underdiagnosed, affect the elderly, leading to a decreased quality of life and complications, including aspiration pneumonia and death. Understanding the neurophysiology of swallowing and the causes of its dysfunction is a fundamental tool for the prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of dysphagia. New technologies open a wide range of possibilities for the implementation of new care protocols for this disorder. | ↑ |
17. Premature aging and metabolic diseases: the impact of telomere attritionПн, 31 мар[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | Driven by genetic and environmental factors, aging is a physiological process responsible for age-related degenerative changes in the body, cognitive decline, and impaired overall wellbeing. Notably, premature aging as well as the emergence of progeroid syndromes have posed concerns regarding chronic health conditions and comorbidities in the aging population. Accelerated telomere attrition is also implicated in metabolic dysfunction and the development of metabolic disorders. Impaired metabolic homeostasis arises secondary to age-related increases in the synthesis of free radicals, decreased oxidative capacity, impaired antioxidant defense, and disrupted energy metabolism. In particular, several cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging have been identified to decipher the influence of premature aging on metabolic diseases. These include defective DNA repair, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, and dysregulation of nutrient-sensing pathways. The role of telomere attrition premature aging in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases has been largely attributed to pro-inflammatory states that promote telomere shortening, genetic mutations in the telomerase reverse transcriptase, epigenetic alteration, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunctions. Nonetheless, the therapeutic interventions focus on restoring the length of telomeres and may include treatment approaches to restore telomerase enzyme activity, promote alternative lengthening of telomeres, counter oxidative stress, and decrease the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Given the significance and robust potential of delaying telomere attrition in age-related metabolic diseases, this review aimed to explore the molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging underlying premature telomere attrition and metabolic diseases, assimilating evidence from both human and animal studies. | ↑ |
18. Dietary intake in healthy older individuals is associated with lipopolysaccharide binding protein a biomarker of gut function: an exploratory cross-sectional studyПн, 31 мар[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | Diet, physical function and gut health are important modifiable factors in ageing. However, it is unclear how ageing affects various domains of gut function. Aims of this cross-sectional study were to explore relationships between nutrient intake, physical function, and biomarkers of gut function in older individuals. Healthy participants (n= 94, mean age 71.1 years SD 5.10, 56% female) were recruited to investigate the relationship between nutrient intake (protein, fibre, carbohydrate, fat), physical function (chair rise time, handgrip strength) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding protein (LBP); a marker of gut permeability. Linear regression models, adjusted for age, fat mass/fat free mass ratio, weight and gender, reported LBP changed by; –161.9 ng/mL (95% CI -323.0, –0.8) for every 1 g increase in daily fibre/1,000 kilocalories; 80.5 ng/mL (6.7, 154.2) for 1% increase in daily energy intake as fat; and –88.1 ng/mL (–146.7, –29.6) for 1% increase in daily energy as carbohydrates. When further adjusted for C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of inflammation, LBP decreased by an additional 6.9 ng/mL for fibre, increased by an additional 4.0 ng/mL for fat and decreased by an additional 3.7 ng/mL for carbohydrate. These findings suggest that in healthy older adults’ nutrient intake is associated with LBP, and CRP appears to slightly modify these associations. There were no associations between LBP and handgrip strength or chair rise time. Results suggest that fibre, fat, and carbohydrates are important for maintaining gut function, potentially mediated by inflammation in older adults, although further research is needed to explore the implications for physical function and CRP as a mediator. | ↑ |
19. Human dermal fibroblast senescence in response to single and recurring oxidative stressПт, 28 мар[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | Introduction: Aging results in an accumulation of damaged cells, which reduces the health of tissues and their regenerative capabilities. In the skin, there are both internal and external drivers of oxidative stress that result in aging phenotypes. Oxidative stress has been used to model senescence in vitro; however, there has been a lack of research determining whether the severity of oxidative stress correlates with senescent phenotypes.Methods: In this work, we compare cellular and secretory responses to a single (500 uM hydrogen peroxide, 2 hours) or recurring dose of hydrogen peroxide (500 uM hydrogen peroxide, 2 hours + 4 x 300 uM hydrogen peroxide each 48 hours). Senescence induction was studied using markers including cell morphology, senescence-associated-beta-galactosidase, absence of apoptosis, and cell cycle inhibition genes. Next, functional studies of the effects of the signaling of these cells were completed, such as vascular potential, keratinocyte proliferation, and macrophage polarization.Results: Fibroblasts exposed to both single and recurring oxidative stress had increased total cell and nucleic area, increased senescence-associated-beta-galactosidase (SABGAL) expression, and they were able to escape apoptosis – all characteristics of senescent cells. Additionally, cells exposed to recurring oxidative stress expressed increased levels of cell cycle inhibitor genes and decreased expression of collagen-I, -III, and -IV. Cytokine profiling showed that the single stressed cells had a more inflammatory secretory profile. However, in functional assays, the recurring stressed cells had reduced vascular potential, reduced keratinocyte proliferation, and increased IL-1? gene expression in unpolarized and polarized macrophages.Discussion: The described protocol allows for the investigation of the direct effects of single and recurring oxidative stress in fibroblasts and their secretory effects on surrounding healthy cells. These results show that recurringly stressed fibroblasts represent a more intense senescent phenotype, which can be used in in vitro aging studies to understand the severity of senescent responses. | ↑ |
20. Relationship between preoperative high arterial blood lactate level and delirium after deep brain stimulation surgery in Parkinson’s diseaseВт, 25 мар[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | Introduction: We performed the retrospective study to investigate the relationship between preoperative arterial blood lactate level and postoperative delirium (POD) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery.Methods: Perioperative data of patients undergoing DBS surgery under total intravenous anesthesia were collected in the study. In addition, mini-mental state exam score for assessing cognitive function and confusion assessment method for assessing perioperative delirium in the PD patients were collected. The relationship between preoperative lactate level and POD was analyzed using binary logistic regression analysis.Results: A total of 156 patients were included, of whom 29 (17.6%) patients developed POD. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative lactate level was independently associated with POD regarding of continuous variable [odds ratio (OR)= 12.46, 95% confidence interval (CI)=3.12–49.71, P=1.41). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that preoperative arterial blood lactate level was a significant predictive biomarker for POD, with an area under the curve of 0.708(95%CI=0.606–0.809, P | ↑ |
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